Shakespeare is an author known for his ability to write great tragedies. His plays captivate their audiences with tales of life, death, and uncertainty: the perfect topic for a tragedy. Hamlet is known as one of Shakespeare's greatest works, and it stands out as one of the great tragedies of all time.
The play starts out with the murder of Hamlet's father. Hamlet is devestated and spends the rest of the play mourning his father's death. He spends all of his time in his own head, contemplating a plan for revenge on his uncle, Claudius, who murdered his father. This one uncertain death, changes the lives of everyone in the play.
Throughout the play Hamlet spends his time thinking about life, and all the horrible things that have happened to him. His father was murdered, his mother remarried to his father's murderer, and his friends all think he's mad. The entire play Hamlet is trying to come to terms with death. He struggles internally with loss and contemplates suicide. In the famous "To be or not to be" soliloquy Hamlet sums up the three main themes of the play: life, death, and uncertainty. Hamlet is reflecting on life and all the terrible things people suffer while living. Hamlet wants to die but describes the uncertainty that comes with death. No one has ever come back from the dead; death may be more horrible than life. So Hamlet keeps on living, despite his great unhappiness, because he too fears the uncertainty of life after death.
After old Hamlet's murder, every person in the play changed. Hamlet became obsessed with death, and ruined his relationships with many. He stabbed Polonious when he mistaked him for the King, and Ophelia went mad as a result of her father's death and accidentally drowned herself. As tragedy unfolds, Laertes returns from England and finds out his father is dead and sister is mad. After his sister's "accidental" death, Laertes is overcome with rage and challenges Hamlet to a duel. During this duel the tragedy comes to a bloody end. The King accidentally kills his wife, Hamlet's mother, and Hamlet kills Laertes but gets wounded in the process. After his mother dies Hamlet stabs the King, and dies from his own wounds. Everyone has died.
The theme life, death, and uncertainty was a major part of this play because the play was about Hamlet's struggle with his own mortality after the uncertain, and premature death of his father. The play focuses on a life filled with loss and death, and the individual who faced all these great tragedies: Hamlet.
Hamlet's Soliloquy
To be, or not to be--that is the question:
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles
And by opposing end them. To die, to sleep--
No more--and by a sleep to say we end
The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to. 'Tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wished. To die, to sleep--
To sleep--perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub,
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
Must give us pause. There's the respect
That makes calamity of so long life.
For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,
Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely
The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,
The insolence of office, and the spurns
That patient merit of th' unworthy takes,
When he himself might his quietus make
With a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear,
To grunt and sweat under a weary life,
But that the dread of something after death,
The undiscovered country, from whose bourn
No traveller returns, puzzles the will,
And makes us rather bear those ills we have
Than fly to others that we know not of?
Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,
And thus the native hue of resolution
Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,
And enterprise of great pitch and moment
With this regard their currents turn awry
And lose the name of action. -- Soft you now,
The fair Ophelia! -- Nymph, in thy orisons
Be all my sins remembered.
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles
And by opposing end them. To die, to sleep--
No more--and by a sleep to say we end
The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to. 'Tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wished. To die, to sleep--
To sleep--perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub,
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
Must give us pause. There's the respect
That makes calamity of so long life.
For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,
Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely
The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,
The insolence of office, and the spurns
That patient merit of th' unworthy takes,
When he himself might his quietus make
With a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear,
To grunt and sweat under a weary life,
But that the dread of something after death,
The undiscovered country, from whose bourn
No traveller returns, puzzles the will,
And makes us rather bear those ills we have
Than fly to others that we know not of?
Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,
And thus the native hue of resolution
Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,
And enterprise of great pitch and moment
With this regard their currents turn awry
And lose the name of action. -- Soft you now,
The fair Ophelia! -- Nymph, in thy orisons
Be all my sins remembered.
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